{"id":5066,"date":"2022-01-27T09:53:49","date_gmt":"2022-01-27T09:53:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ccib.ro\/afacerea\/?p=5066"},"modified":"2022-02-02T08:13:07","modified_gmt":"2022-02-02T08:13:07","slug":"mecanisme-pentru-gestionarea-fortei-de-munca-in-industria-auto-implicatii-fiscale-si-juridice","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/revista-afacerea.ro\/afacerea\/mecanisme-pentru-gestionarea-fortei-de-munca-in-industria-auto-implicatii-fiscale-si-juridice\/","title":{"rendered":"Mecanisme pentru gestionarea for\u021bei de munc\u0103 \u00een industria auto \u2013 implica\u021bii fiscale \u0219i juridice"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"image_pdf\"<\/a>\"image_print\"<\/a><\/div>

material de opinie de Monica \u021aariuc,
\n<\/em>Director, Global Employer Services, Deloitte Rom\u00e2nia<\/em><\/p>\n

Industria auto este, f\u0103r\u0103 \u00eendoial\u0103, una dintre cele mai \u00eencercate \u00een ultimii doi ani, dat fiind c\u0103 s-a confruntat cu numeroase provoc\u0103ri, disfunc\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bile \u00een lan\u021burile de aprovizionare la nivel global, criza semiconductorilor \u0219i cre\u0219terea pre\u021burilor materiilor prime fiind doar c\u00e2teva dintre acestea. Dificult\u0103\u021bile nu au \u00eent\u00e2rziat s\u0103 produc\u0103 efecte asupra angaja\u021bilor din industria auto, astfel c\u0103 angajatorii trebuie s\u0103 ia \u00een calcul toate instrumentele pe care le au la \u00eendem\u00e2n\u0103 pentru a-\u0219i asigura for\u021ba de munc\u0103 necesar\u0103 continu\u0103rii \u0219i chiar intensific\u0103rii activit\u0103\u021bii pentru a recupera decalajele \u00eenregistrate \u00een contextul pandemiei. Printre acestea se num\u0103r\u0103 facilit\u0103\u021bile acordate de stat, importul de for\u021b\u0103 de munc\u0103, munca la distan\u021b\u0103 sau deta\u0219area angaja\u021bilor \u00een alte state. \u00cens\u0103 toate acestea au \u0219i implica\u021bii fiscale, \u0219i juridice.<\/p>\n

La nivelul Uniunii Europene (UE), unu din zece lucr\u0103tori din industrie este angajat \u00een unit\u0103\u021bile de produc\u021bie de ma\u0219ini (aproximativ 2,6 milioane de oameni). \u00cen Rom\u00e2nia, personalul angajat \u00een industria auto \u00eensumeaz\u0103 aproximativ 195.000 de persoane, conform datelor Eurostat. \u00cen consecin\u021b\u0103, av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere rolul important pe care acest domeniu \u00eel joac\u0103 \u00een economia european\u0103, statele membre trebuie s\u0103 acorde importan\u021b\u0103 problemelor cu care se confrunt\u0103 companiile din domeniul auto \u0219i s\u0103 le ofere sprijin pentru protec\u021bia angaja\u021bilor \u0219i atragerea de noi lucr\u0103tori \u00een industrie.<\/p>\n

\u00cen Rom\u00e2nia, dificult\u0103\u021bile din zona de personal sunt complexe, \u00eens\u0103, pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce activitatea economic\u0103 va dep\u0103\u0219i efectele pandemiei, la nivel na\u021bional, dar \u0219i global, solu\u021biile se vor putea diversifica. Important este ca, \u00eentre timp, fiecare companie s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i contureze strategia corect\u0103 \u00een privin\u021ba schemei de personal, \u021bin\u00e2nd cont inclusiv de viteza cu care tendin\u021bele se materializeaz\u0103 pe aceast\u0103 pia\u021b\u0103 (migrarea c\u0103tre ma\u0219ini electrice cu scopul de a atinge obiectivele climatice ambi\u021bioase asumate la nivelul UE).<\/p>\n

Din punct de vedere fiscal, \u00een prezent, companiile auto din Rom\u00e2nia au \u00eenc\u0103 la \u00eendem\u00e2n\u0103 facilit\u0103\u021bi acordate de stat, a\u0219a cum este posibilitatea reducerii timpului de munc\u0103 (a\u0219a-numitul Kurzarbeit), care presupune c\u0103, \u00een cazul reducerii temporare a timpului de lucru ca urmare a instituirii st\u0103rii de urgen\u021b\u0103\/alert\u0103\/asediu, \u00een condi\u021biile legii, pe perioada st\u0103rii de urgen\u021b\u0103\/alert\u0103\/asediu, precum \u0219i pe o perioad\u0103 de p\u00e2n\u0103 la trei luni de la data \u00eencet\u0103rii ultimei perioade de acest gen, angajatorii au posibilitatea s\u0103 reduc\u0103 timpul de munc\u0103 al salaria\u021bilor cu cel mult 80% din durata zilnic\u0103, s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2nal\u0103 sau lunar\u0103 prev\u0103zut\u0103 \u00een contractul individual de munc\u0103. Pe durata unei astfel de reduceri a timpului de munc\u0103, salaria\u021bii afecta\u021bi de m\u0103sur\u0103 beneficiaz\u0103 de o indemniza\u021bie de 75% din salariul de baz\u0103 brut lunar aferent orelor de reducere a programului de lucru, indemniza\u021bie care poate fi decontat\u0103 angajatorilor de c\u0103tre stat.<\/p>\n

Totodat\u0103, av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere contextul pandemiei, guvernul a decis s\u0103 reintroduc\u0103, p\u00e2n\u0103 la 31 martie 2022, facilitatea privind decontarea indemniza\u021biei aferente perioadei de suspendare temporar\u0103 a contractului individual de munc\u0103 din ini\u021biativa angajatorului (\u0219omajul tehnic). \u00cen plus, companiile care de\u021bin centre de cercetare \u00een Rom\u00e2nia pot aplica pentru facilit\u0103\u021bile acordate de stat \u00een acest domeniu.<\/p>\n

Importul de angaja\u021bi \u2013 oportunit\u0103\u021bi \u0219i provoc\u0103ri<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pentru noi recrut\u0103ri, companiile trebuie s\u0103 depun\u0103 eforturi tot mai mari, dat fiind c\u0103 pia\u021ba muncii redevine tensionat\u0103 odat\u0103 cu disiparea efectelor pandemiei. Dincolo de implicarea \u00een formarea viitorilor angaja\u021bi (\u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u0103m\u00e2ntul profesional \u00een sistem dual), o solu\u021bie mai rapid\u0103 \u0219i tot mai des luat\u0103 \u00een calcul \u00een strategia privind for\u021ba de munc\u0103 de c\u0103tre angajatorii rom\u00e2ni din aproape toate industriile este cea a importului de for\u021b\u0103 de munc\u0103 din afara UE. \u00cen sus\u021binerea acestei noi tendin\u021be, Guvernul Rom\u00e2niei a anun\u021bat pentru anul 2022 un contigent de 100.000 avize de munc\u0103 pentru cet\u0103\u021beni non-UE (p\u00e2n\u0103 la acest moment hot\u0103r\u00e2rea nu a fost aprobat\u0103), de dou\u0103 ori mai mare dec\u00e2t cel pentru anul 2021, spre exemplu.<\/p>\n

\u00cens\u0103 integrarea cet\u0103\u021benilor str\u0103ini \u00een procesul de produc\u021bie prezint\u0103 multe provoc\u0103ri: eforturi pentru preg\u0103tirea profesional\u0103, asimilarea \u00een cadrul companiei, acceptarea diferen\u021belor culturale etc. \u00cenainte de toate, procesele de recrutare urmate de cele pentru ob\u021binerea tuturor documentelor de imigrare trebuie puse foarte bine la punct. Un angajat non-UE nu poate \u00eencepe munca \u201em\u00e2ine\u201d, un termen rezonabil de timp de la primul pas \u00een recrutare la prima zi de munc\u0103 fiind de aproximativ \u0219ase luni. A\u0219adar, planificarea, identificarea partenerilor \u0219i a solu\u021biilor potrivite, alocarea bugetelor devin ac\u021biuni esen\u021biale pentru echipele de resurse umane, care vor fi nevoite s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i dezvolte intern capacitatea de a urm\u0103ri toate aspectele pe care le implic\u0103 importul de angaja\u021bi.<\/p>\n

\u00cen procesele de imigrare, atunci c\u00e2nd lucrurile nu se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 tocmai \u00een conformitate cu cerin\u021bele autorit\u0103\u021bilor sau sunt \u00eent\u00e2rziate din diverse motive, impactul poate fi unul semnificativ nu doar pentru poten\u021bialul angajat, ci \u0219i pentru angajator. Riscul cel mai mare este cel care deriv\u0103 din situa\u021bii calificate ca \u201emunc\u0103 la negru\u201d, care pot atrage pentru societate at\u00e2t amenzi semnificative, c\u00e2t \u0219i interdic\u021bia de a angaja personal din str\u0103in\u0103tate sau de a mai beneficia de subven\u021bii, de a participa la achizi\u021bii publice etc.<\/p>\n

Obliga\u021biile angajatorilor pentru angaja\u021bii mobili<\/strong><\/p>\n

O alt\u0103 dimensiune a for\u021bei de munc\u0103 mobile \u00een industria auto este cea a angaja\u021bilor rom\u00e2ni care desf\u0103\u0219oar\u0103 activitate \u00een afara \u021b\u0103rii \u00een diverse situa\u021bii, fie c\u0103 este vorba despre cazuri de remote working, vizite \u00een alte fabrici, preg\u0103tire profesional\u0103, participarea la proiecte pe termen scurt sau deta\u0219\u0103ri pe termen mediu sau lung.<\/p>\n

\u00cen func\u021bie de variabile precum \u021bara de destina\u021bie, scopul \u0219i durata \u0219ederii, at\u00e2t angajatul, c\u00e2t \u0219i angajatorul rom\u00e2n pot avea obliga\u021bii de \u00eenregistrare \u0219i raportare, av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere legisla\u021bia muncii, procesele de imigrare, impozitele \u0219i contribu\u021biile sociale din \u021bara respectiv\u0103. Multe dintre aceste obliga\u021bii au termene scurte (inclusiv \u00eenainte ca angajatul s\u0103 ajung\u0103 \u00een statul respectiv) care, dac\u0103 nu sunt respectate, pot genera riscuri semnificative pentru p\u0103r\u021bile implicate.<\/p>\n

\u00cen vederea determin\u0103rii corecte a obliga\u021biilor asociate desf\u0103\u0219ur\u0103rii activit\u0103\u021bii \u00eentr-un alt stat dec\u00e2t Rom\u00e2nia, este esen\u021bial\u0103 cunoa\u0219terea legisla\u021biei aplicabile, fie c\u0103 este vorba despre cea rom\u00e2n\u0103, cea interna\u021bional\u0103 (regulamente \u0219i directive aplicabile la nivelul UE sau conven\u021bii bilaterale \u00eencheiate de Rom\u00e2nia cu alte state) sau despre cea local\u0103, din statul \u00een care se desf\u0103\u0219oar\u0103 activitatea.<\/p>\n

Acestea sunt doar c\u00e2teva dintre aspectele de care angajatorii din industria auto trebuie s\u0103 \u021bin\u0103 cont \u00een gestionarea for\u021bei de munc\u0103 actuale \u0219i viitoare. \u00cens\u0103 economia este dinamic\u0103, iar c\u00e2\u0219tig\u0103tori vor fi cei care au capacitatea s\u0103 inoveze at\u00e2t \u00een procesul de produc\u021bie, c\u00e2t \u0219i \u00een privin\u021ba atragerii \u0219i diversific\u0103rii for\u021bei de munc\u0103.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

material de opinie de Monica \u021aariuc, Director, Global Employer Services, Deloitte Rom\u00e2nia Industria auto este, f\u0103r\u0103 \u00eendoial\u0103, una dintre cele mai \u00eencercate \u00een ultimii doi ani, dat fiind c\u0103 s-a confruntat cu numeroase provoc\u0103ri, disfunc\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bile \u00een lan\u021burile de aprovizionare la nivel global, criza semiconductorilor \u0219i cre\u0219terea pre\u021burilor materiilor prime fiind doar c\u00e2teva dintre acestea. Dificult\u0103\u021bile…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5059,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5066","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pentru-afacerea-dvs","issue-serie-noua-nr-15-27-01-2022-22-02-2022"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMecanisme pentru gestionarea for\u021bei de munc\u0103 \u00een industria auto \u2013 implica\u021bii fiscale \u0219i juridice - Afacerea<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/revista-afacerea.ro\/afacerea\/mecanisme-pentru-gestionarea-fortei-de-munca-in-industria-auto-implicatii-fiscale-si-juridice\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mecanisme pentru gestionarea for\u021bei de munc\u0103 \u00een industria auto \u2013 implica\u021bii fiscale \u0219i juridice - Afacerea\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"material de opinie de Monica \u021aariuc, Director, Global Employer Services, Deloitte Rom\u00e2nia Industria auto este, f\u0103r\u0103 \u00eendoial\u0103, una dintre cele mai \u00eencercate \u00een ultimii doi ani, dat fiind c\u0103 s-a confruntat cu numeroase provoc\u0103ri, disfunc\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bile \u00een lan\u021burile de aprovizionare la nivel global, criza semiconductorilor \u0219i cre\u0219terea pre\u021burilor materiilor prime fiind doar c\u00e2teva dintre acestea. 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