{"id":2381,"date":"2020-11-01T11:05:38","date_gmt":"2020-11-01T11:05:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ccib.ro\/afacerea\/?p=2381"},"modified":"2020-11-04T11:49:03","modified_gmt":"2020-11-04T11:49:03","slug":"administratia-publica-la-rascruce-de-drumuri-intre-dosarul-cu-sina-si-digitalizare","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/revista-afacerea.ro\/afacerea\/administratia-publica-la-rascruce-de-drumuri-intre-dosarul-cu-sina-si-digitalizare\/","title":{"rendered":"Administra\u021bia public\u0103, la r\u0103scruce de drumuri \u2013 \u00eentre dosarul cu \u0219in\u0103 \u0219i digitalizare"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Scriam \u00een num\u0103rul trecut despre \u015fansa real\u0103 a unui \u201cpunct \u015fi de la cap\u0103t\u201d pe care noi, locuitorii Bucure\u015ftiului, o avem ast\u0103zi, dar \u015fi despre ce \u00eenseamn\u0103, \u00een opinia mea, o rela\u0163ie func\u0163ional\u0103 cu administra\u0163ia ora\u015fului \u00een care am ales s\u0103 locuiesc, s\u0103 dezvolt o afacere \u015fi s\u0103 m\u0103 implic \u00een via\u0163a cet\u0103\u0163ii. \u00cen acest context, spuneam c\u0103 o component\u0103 esen\u0163ial\u0103 o constituie respectul, care trebuie s\u0103 fie o constant\u0103 \u015fi nu o excep\u0163ie.<\/p>\n

Cred cu t\u0103rie c\u0103 administra\u0163ia public\u0103 are obliga\u0163ia de a nu-i umili \u015fi de a nu irosi timpul celor care-i trec pragul. De ce? Pentru simplul motiv ca func\u0163ionarul public este pl\u0103tit din banii no\u015ftri, ai contribuabililor, fie c\u0103 suntem oameni de afaceri, practicticieni ai unei profesii liberale, salaria\u0163i sau pensionari.<\/p>\n

Din p\u0103cate, suntem \u00een situa\u0163ia absurd\u0103 \u00een care noi, contribuabilii, a\u015ftept\u0103m la cozi lungi \u015fi degradante ca atotputernicul func\u0163ionar din prim\u0103rie, c\u0103\u0163\u0103rat \u00een spatele ghi\u015feului, s\u0103 ne ia banii reprezent\u00e2nd taxe \u015fi impozite locale, s\u0103 ne elibereze o mult-a\u015fteptat\u0103 autoriza\u0163ie pentru a deschide o nou\u0103 afacere, pentru reabilitarea unei fa\u0163ade, pentru o construc\u0163ie nou\u0103 etc.<\/p>\n

Acum, s\u0103 ne fereasc\u0103 Dumnezeu s\u0103 avem nevoie de ceva pentru care departamentele aceleia\u015fi prim\u0103rii au proceduri diferite sau, \u015fi mai grav, pentru care func\u0163ionarii nu au aflat c\u0103 exist\u0103 procedur\u0103, de\u015fi ea e postat\u0103 pe site-ul institu\u0163iei. Bine, fie vorba \u00eentre noi, indiferent de procedur\u0103, exist\u0103 o constant\u0103: sf\u00e2ntul dosar cu \u015fin\u0103, care domin\u0103 de zeci de ani rela\u0163ia contribuabil \u2013 func\u0163ionar public \u015fi care \u00eenc\u0103 ocup\u0103 un loc de cinste \u00een co\u015fmarurile celor plimba\u0163i \u201cde la Ana la Caiafa\u201d pe holurile administra\u0163iei publice. Ei bine, dac\u0103 ar fi tr\u0103it \u015fi ar fi ajuns pe plaiuri d\u00e2mbovi\u0163ene, \u00een contact cu administra\u0163ia noastr\u0103 local\u0103, Kafka ar mai fi mai scris cu siguran\u0163\u0103 ni\u015fte opere de mare valoare.<\/p>\n

Ce e de f\u0103cut? Cred c\u0103 noii \u015fefi ai administra\u0163iei publice locale, fie c\u0103 vorbim despre Prim\u0103ria general\u0103, prim\u0103riile de sector sau despre Institu\u0163ia Prefectului, trebuie s\u0103 ia \u00eempreun\u0103 o decizie strategic\u0103, aceea de a trece la digitalizarea institu\u0163iilor pe care le conduc. De ce acum? Din cel pu\u0163in dou\u0103 motive: pentru c\u0103 este absolut necesar \u015fi pentru c\u0103 se poate.<\/p>\n

\u00cen primul rand, pandemia de Covid-19, dup\u0103 cum se prezint\u0103 lucrurile \u015fi dup\u0103 cum ne arat\u0103 istoria, va dura ani buni, iar activitatea administra\u0163iei publice trebuie s\u0103 se desf\u0103\u015foare \u00een condi\u0163ii de siguran\u0163\u0103, dar \u00een parametri corespunz\u0103tori, f\u0103r\u0103 s\u0103 aduc\u0103 deservicii contribuabililor, afla\u0163i deja sub presiune. A\u015fadar, pentru a dep\u0103\u015fi aceast\u0103 perioad\u0103 dur\u0103 pentru toat\u0103 lumea, trecerea c\u00e2t mai multor servicii \u00een online este o necesitate, nu un moft.<\/p>\n

\u00cen al doilea rand, dup\u0103 mul\u0163i ani, comunicarea \u00eentre administra\u0163ia public\u0103 local\u0103 \u015fi Executiv pare a nu mai fi din ciclul dialogului \u201csurdului cu orbul\u201d. \u00cen acest context, punerea \u00een practic\u0103 a unei strategii privind digitalizarea, al c\u0103rei prim pas trebuie s\u0103 vizeze interconectarea datelor, inclusiv cu ale institu\u0163iilor din subordinea Guvernului, m\u0103 refer \u00eendeosebi la Autoritatea Na\u0163ional\u0103 de Administrare Fiscal\u0103, Oficiul Na\u0163ional al Registrului Comer\u0163ului \u015fi la Ministerul de Interne poate avea \u015fanse reale de reu\u015fit\u0103.<\/p>\n

\u00cen plus, \u00een aceast\u0103 perioad\u0103 dominat\u0103 de m\u0103suri de siguran\u0163\u0103 sanitar\u0103, proiectele de acest tip pot ob\u0163ine mai u\u015for finan\u0163are european\u0103, at\u00e2t pentru partea de infrastructur\u0103, c\u00e2t \u015fi pentru partea de resurse umane, \u00een special pentru reconversia profesional\u0103 a func\u0163ionarilor ale c\u0103ror locuri de munc\u0103 vor disp\u0103rea. Astfel, o parte poate r\u0103m\u00e2ne \u00een administra\u0163ie \u00een domenii unde este nevoie de interac\u0163iune uman\u0103 (de exemplu \u00een Direc\u0163iile de Asisten\u0163\u0103 Social\u0103 \u015fi Protec\u0163ia Copilului). Aceast\u0103 abordare poate reduce rezisten\u0163a la schimbare ce se face sim\u0163it\u0103 inevitabil \u00een interioriul oric\u0103rei institu\u0163ii publice.<\/p>\n

Evident c\u0103 trecerea de la dosarul cu \u015fin\u0103 la cardul cu facilit\u0103\u0163i de semn\u0103tur\u0103 electronic\u0103 nu se poate realiza peste noapte, dar pot fi f\u0103cu\u0163i pa\u015fi concre\u0163i, uit\u00e2ndu-ne cu aten\u0163ie la ce anume a f\u0103cut Estonia, \u0163ar\u0103 cu doar 1,3 milioane de locuitori (jum\u0103tate comparativ cu popula\u0163ia real\u0103 a Capitalei), dar care este considerat\u0103 campioana incontestabil\u0103 a digitaliz\u0103rii \u00een Europa. \u00cen Estonia, primul serviciu online \u00een zona public\u0103 a fost introdus \u00een 1999. Ast\u0103zi, \u00een aceast\u0103 \u0163ar\u0103 sunt digitalizate peste 2.600 de servicii; doar c\u0103s\u0103toria, divor\u0163ul \u015fi tranzac\u0163iile imobiliare necesit\u0103 prezen\u0163a \u00een institu\u0163iile publice.<\/p>\n

De de n-ar urma Bucure\u015ftiul exemplul Estoniei \u00een ceea ce prive\u015fte digitalizarea serviciilor publice? Bine, trebuie s\u0103 ne fie clar c\u0103 o solicitare trimis\u0103 pe e-mail nu \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 avem servicii digitale. Digitalizarea presupune crearea unui sistem integrat, la care s\u0103 aib\u0103 acces autorit\u0103\u0163ile, dar \u015fi persoanele fizice \u015fi juridice, pentru a vedea ce se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 cu datele lor, online.<\/p>\n

La fel ca \u00een Estonia, este esen\u0163ial ca pentru \u00eenceput s\u0103 fie construit\u0103 o platform\u0103 de interoperabilitate care s\u0103 fac\u0103 posibil\u0103 interconectarea tuturor sistemelor \u015fi registrelor. \u00centr-adev\u0103r, \u00een micu\u0163ul stat baltic, acest proces a durat c\u00e2\u0163iva ani, dar rezultatele se v\u0103d din plin ast\u0103zi. Revenind la Rom\u00e2nia, trebuie asigurat cadrul legal care s\u0103 permit\u0103 schimbul de date \u00eentre institu\u0163ii. De aceea spuneam c\u0103 e important dialogul \u00eentre administra\u0163ia local\u0103 \u015fi central\u0103 \u015fi sincronizarea priorit\u0103\u0163ilor.<\/p>\n

Apoi, automatizarea proceselor existente, crearea unor website-uri \u201eself-service\u201d pe care contribuabilii s\u0103 le poata utiliza, \u00een loc s\u0103 se deplaseze fizic la institu\u021bii, aplicarea principiului \u201conce only\u201d (o singur\u0103 dat\u0103 pentru un document) sunt al\u0163i pa\u015fi care au f\u0103cut din Estonia, \u201eprobabil singura \u021bar\u0103 din lume unde 99% dintre serviciile publice sunt disponibile online 24\/7\u201d, dup\u0103 cum spune chiar site-ul Comisiei Europene.<\/p>\n

\u00cen contextul \u00een care din vara viitoare Rom\u00e2nia este obligat\u0103 de Uniunea European\u0103 s\u0103 emit\u0103 c\u0103r\u021bi electronice de identitate, o idee bun\u0103 este ca pe fiecare viitoare carte electronic\u0103 de identitate s\u0103 fie emise automat, concomitent cu producerea acestora, at\u00e2t un certificat de semn\u0103tur\u0103 emis de MAI, c\u00e2t \u0219i unul calificat. De ce? Ne \u00eentoarcem, din nou, la Estonia. Iat\u0103 ce spune Margus Noormaa, directorul general al Autorit\u0103\u021bii pentru Sisteme Informatice din Estonia \u00eentr-un interviu acordat Cursdeguvernare.ro: \u201cSemn\u0103tura EU Qualified Signature (QES) este esen\u021bial\u0103 \u00een cadrul digitaliz\u0103rii unei \u021b\u0103ri. F\u0103r\u0103 aceasta, majoritatea proceselor \u00een administra\u021bia public\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2n pe h\u00eertie sau nu pot fi automatizate complet. Este ceea ce am v\u0103zut \u00een cadrul multor \u021b\u0103ri UE, unde semn\u0103tura QES nu este adoptat\u0103.\u201d<\/p>\n

Analiz\u00e2nd modelul estonian, dincolo de latura tehnic\u0103, m-a interesat cum au fost atra\u015fi contribuabilii s\u0103 utilizeze serviciile online. Iat\u0103 un exemplu relevant, dat de Florian Marcus, reprezentant E-estonia, \u00eentr-un interviu acordat Digi24: \u201cDin 1999, declararea taxelor se face online \u015fi oamenii au \u00eenceput s\u0103 foloseasc\u0103 serviciul imediat, pentru c\u0103 promisiunea guvernului a fost c\u0103 dac\u0103 depui online declara\u0163iile, prime\u015fti banii care erau \u00een plus, \u00eenapoi, cam \u00een dou\u0103 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni. Dac\u0103 le depui \u00een varianta pe h\u00e2rtie, va dura c\u00e2teva luni. Iar estonienilor le plac banii, a\u015fa cum este peste tot, a\u015fa c\u0103 to\u0163i au depus online actele, foarte rapid\u201d. Sunte\u0163i de acord cu mine c\u0103 ar func\u0163iona foarte bine \u015fi \u00een Rom\u00e2nia, nu-i a\u015fa?<\/p>\n

Revenind la proiectul \u00een sine, de ce acesta nu ar fi f\u0103cut exclusiv cu speciali\u015fti rom\u00e2ni, doar avem unii dintre cei mai buni IT-i\u015fti din lume? Practic, am avea un triplu beneficiu: pe de o parte, o administra\u0163ie public\u0103 intrat\u0103 \u00een secolul XXI, o infuzie de fonduri, deloc de neglijat, \u00een economia na\u0163ional\u0103 \u015fi contribuabili din ce \u00een ce mai mul\u0163umi\u0163i. \u00cen plus, \u00een lipsa at\u00e2tor drumuri \u00eentre \u015fi la institu\u0163iile statului, va sc\u0103dea cu siguran\u0163\u0103 poluarea \u00een ora\u015f, iar \u00een lipsa at\u00e2tor tone de h\u00e2rtie depuse la ghi\u015fee, mul\u0163i copaci vor r\u0103m\u00e2ne \u00een p\u0103dure.<\/p>\n

P\u00e2n\u0103 data viitoare, iubi\u0163i Bucure\u015ftiul!<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

George VODISLAV
\ngeorge.vodislav@ccib.ro<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Scriam \u00een num\u0103rul trecut despre \u015fansa real\u0103 a unui \u201cpunct \u015fi de la cap\u0103t\u201d pe care noi, locuitorii Bucure\u015ftiului, o avem ast\u0103zi, dar \u015fi despre ce \u00eenseamn\u0103, \u00een opinia mea, o rela\u0163ie func\u0163ional\u0103 cu administra\u0163ia ora\u015fului \u00een care am ales s\u0103 locuiesc, s\u0103 dezvolt o afacere \u015fi s\u0103 m\u0103 implic \u00een via\u0163a cet\u0103\u0163ii. \u00cen acest context, spuneam c\u0103 o component\u0103 esen\u0163ial\u0103 o constituie respectul, care trebuie s\u0103 fie o constant\u0103 \u015fi nu o excep\u0163ie.<\/p>\n

Cred cu t\u0103rie c\u0103 administra\u0163ia public\u0103 are obliga\u0163ia de a nu-i umili \u015fi de a nu irosi timpul celor care-i trec pragul. De ce? Pentru simplul motiv ca func\u0163ionarul public este pl\u0103tit din banii no\u015ftri …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2418,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2381","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bucuresti","issue-serie-noua-nr-3-04-11-2020-01-12-2020"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nAdministra\u021bia public\u0103, la r\u0103scruce de drumuri \u2013 \u00eentre dosarul cu \u0219in\u0103 \u0219i digitalizare - Afacerea<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/revista-afacerea.ro\/afacerea\/administratia-publica-la-rascruce-de-drumuri-intre-dosarul-cu-sina-si-digitalizare\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Administra\u021bia public\u0103, la r\u0103scruce de drumuri \u2013 \u00eentre dosarul cu \u0219in\u0103 \u0219i digitalizare - Afacerea\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Scriam \u00een num\u0103rul trecut despre \u015fansa real\u0103 a unui \u201cpunct \u015fi de la cap\u0103t\u201d pe care noi, locuitorii Bucure\u015ftiului, o avem ast\u0103zi, dar \u015fi despre ce \u00eenseamn\u0103, \u00een opinia mea, o rela\u0163ie func\u0163ional\u0103 cu administra\u0163ia ora\u015fului \u00een care am ales s\u0103 locuiesc, s\u0103 dezvolt o afacere \u015fi s\u0103 m\u0103 implic \u00een via\u0163a cet\u0103\u0163ii. \u00cen acest context, spuneam c\u0103 o component\u0103 esen\u0163ial\u0103 o constituie respectul, care trebuie s\u0103 fie o constant\u0103 \u015fi nu o excep\u0163ie. Cred cu t\u0103rie c\u0103 administra\u0163ia public\u0103 are obliga\u0163ia de a nu-i umili \u015fi de a nu irosi timpul celor care-i trec pragul. De ce? Pentru simplul motiv ca func\u0163ionarul public este pl\u0103tit din banii no\u015ftri ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/revista-afacerea.ro\/afacerea\/administratia-publica-la-rascruce-de-drumuri-intre-dosarul-cu-sina-si-digitalizare\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Afacerea\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-11-01T11:05:38+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-11-04T11:49:03+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/revista-afacerea.ro\/afacerea\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/DSC_5907-scaled-e1613496062257.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1983\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1380\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u0218erb\u0103nescu Cristina\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Scris de\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u0218erb\u0103nescu Cristina\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Timp estimat pentru citire\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/revista-afacerea.ro\/afacerea\/administratia-publica-la-rascruce-de-drumuri-intre-dosarul-cu-sina-si-digitalizare\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/revista-afacerea.ro\/afacerea\/administratia-publica-la-rascruce-de-drumuri-intre-dosarul-cu-sina-si-digitalizare\/\",\"name\":\"Administra\u021bia public\u0103, la r\u0103scruce de drumuri \u2013 \u00eentre dosarul cu \u0219in\u0103 \u0219i digitalizare - 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